The modern day Paleo diet can vary greatly, however it generally follows a high protein, high fat and low carbohydrate structure. Based on the theory that many increases in common illnesses in the Western world are due to the vast change in diet over the years, the Paleo diet aims to replicate the diet principles our ancestors would have followed in Paleolithic times (Eaton and Konner, 1985).
While lifestyle and therefore diet has changed dramatically throughout time, the modern Paleo diet aims to reduce the intake of grains, legumes and dairy products while increasing the intake of lean meat (Dietitians Association of Australia). There are a number of interpretations of the Paleo diet, from the true hunter-gatherer interpretation to the adaptation of modern western food to follow general Paleo principles.
These principles include:
- Eating meals high in protein
- Avoiding grains and legumes
- Avoiding dairy products
- Eating natural, raw and unprocessed foods
The hunter-gatherer interpretation of the Paleo diet requires individuals to eat similar foods in similar ways as to those that were available in Paleolithic times. Therefore, it encourages consumption of raw and unprocessed foods.
The more commonly followed interpretation of the paleo diet is the adaptation of common meals to follow Paleo principles. This interpretation involves substitution of ingredients or components of meals, for example, substituting white rice with cauliflower rice.
